A magnetooptic effect is any one of a number of phenomena in which an electromagnetic wave propagates through a medium that has been altered by the. Magnetooptics a branch of physics that studies changes in the optical properties of media upon exposure to a magnetic field and the peculiarities of the interaction of optical radiation light with matter placed in the field that are responsible for the changes. We will continue with this magnetooptic effect with the faraday rotation. And when these lights are emerging these components combine to give an elliptical. Noncontact specklebased optical sensor for detection of glucose. It describes the changes to light reflected from a magnetized surface. Magneto optical kerr effect microscopy in our capstone project we built a magnetooptical kerr effect microscope which will be used in development and characterization of magnetic materials and devices in the center of microwave magnetic materials and integrated circuits at northeastern university. First, we will explain the theoretical background of magneto optic effects from both macroscopic and microscopic points of view. Design and implementation of a microscope based on magneto. The magneto optical kerr effect moke has been intensively studied in a variety of ferro and ferrimagnetic materials as a powerful probe for electronic and magnetic properties 1,2,3 and for.
These changes are usually small, and it is difficult to separate out the magnetic effect from that of other physical properties of the sample. Budker department of physics, university of california, berkeley, california 947207300 and nuclear science division, lawrence berkeley national laboratory, berkeley. Figure 1a shows the geometry of afm domain imaging utilizing magneto optical voigt effect for our study. Leo kristjansson, april 2017 research on very rapid processes let a beam of ordinary light pass through a polarizing nicol prism and a glass vessel. Magneto optical kerr e ect moke magneto optical e ect magneto optical kerr e ect. Campbell,2 matthew dawber,3 2xu du,3 mo li,2 jianping wang, ronggui yang4 1and xiaojia wang, 1department of mechanical engineering. It rejects the magnetic field signals due to external. Here, we combine nanostructuring and plasmonics in a structure. Resonant nonlinear magnetooptical effects in atoms d. All contributions in this faraday magneto optic effect should.
The field contains the most important subjects in solid state physics, chemical physics, and electronic engineering. The discovery of magneto optical effects evoked a new thought that the nature of light was an electromagnetic entity, and played a central role. Imaging antiferromagnetic domains in nickeloxide thin. Surface magneto optic kerr effect smoke is based on magnetic circular dichroism mcd, where the absorption for right and left circular polarized light is different because electronic states are. It is desired to adapt the surface magneto optic kerr effect setup to an existing vacuum system already containing a vaporizer, mass spectrometers, leed, and a stm. Development of a surface magnetooptic kerr effect magnetometer susan stoffer sorensen department of physics and astronomy bachelor of science this thesis presents the development and optimization of a surface magnetooptic kerr effect smoke magnetometer. The final goal is to develop a device that will combine both the approach of ref. In this tutorial you will learn how to set up and execute exciting calculations of the magnetooptical kerr effect moke. The transducers are able to measure both current and voltage. Detection of the change in the refractive index of the analyte medium is made by monitoring the angular shift of the fanolike.
Imaging antiferromagnetic domains in nickeloxide thin films by magneto optical voigt effect jia xu1, chao zhou1, mengwen jia1, dong shi1, changqingliu1, haoranchen1, gong chen2, guanhua zhang3, yu liang3, junqin li4, wei zhang5, yizheng wu1 1department of physics and state key laboratory of surface physics, fudan university, shanghai, china 2 department of physics, university of california. Faraday effect first of the magneto optical effects to be discovered 1845 easiest to explain phenomenologically propagation speeds of left and righthand polarized light change under application of magnetic field tilts polarization plane absorption of left and righthand polarized light can be different elliptically polarizes. The faraday effect outlined in eq2 is a better format to apply to an moct, because the rotation angle in this case is directly related to the enclosed electric current. The direction of the magnetic field is taken to be the direction in which a north pole of the compass needle moves inside it. These magneto optical effects can show up through a change in the propagation direction, but more sensitively in the polarization, and or the intensity of light. Yig, which is relevant for magneto optic readout applications that are based on reflection geometry. It is the equivalent of the kerr electro optic effect. The branch of physics that deals with phenomena associated with magnetic effects on matter as.
In physics the magnetooptic kerr effect moke or the surface magnetooptic kerr effect smoke is one of the magneto optic effects. Enhanced magnetooptic kerr effect and magnetic properties. For magnetic multilayers, it is useful to combine ellipsometry and moke methods 21. Reflection mode the second category of magneto optic effects deals with reflected light from the surface of a magnetized material. The photomagnetic and magnetooptic effects springerlink. A magnetooptic effect is any one of a number of phenomena in which an electromagnetic wave propagates through a medium that has been altered by the presence of a quasistatic magnetic field. Pdf magnetooptic and electrooptic effects in electromagnetic fields. In this chapter the following known optical effects will be treated briefly under these headings. Controlling the transverse magnetooptical kerr effect in cr. The magneto optic kerr effect moke is the study of the re. Therefore, the magneto optical voigt effect can be used to distinguish two magnetization vectors or their projected components that are in the same plane, but orthogonal to each other. The linear magnetooptic kerr effect moke is often used to probe. Pdf resonant nonlinear magnetooptical effects in atoms.
In recent years the magneto optical kerr effect moke has provided an important new means of probing a broad range of ultrathin magnetic films 71, magnetic trilayers 72, 73, layered magnetic systems 74, and magnetic superlattices 75. Change of optical properties polarization state, re ectivity by presencechange of magnetization of the sample. Asurface magneto optic kerr effect moke setup fully integrated in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber is presented. Magnetooptic effect definition of magnetooptic effect. On the other hand, magneto optics is the effect that a magnetized material has on electromagnetic radiation. Here, we combine transient measurements of linear birefringence and. As the moke in yig is known to be small for wavelengths in the red and nearinfrared spectral range, used for optical communications. The physical principles of magneto optical recording by masud mansuripur cambridge university of press, 1995.
In recent years, magnetoplasmonics, the study of systems that combine plasmonic and magnetic properties of matter, holds promise to both enhance mo effects. Magnetooptics article about magnetooptics by the free. As an example, we calculate the moke spectrum for ferromagnetic fccni. Large magnetooptical kerr effect and imaging of magnetic. Magnetic phase transition in ionirradiated ultrathin con. Magneto optics zeeman effect inverse zeeman effect voigt effect cottonmouton effect. One can separate usage of magneto optical mo e ects to. This effect is usually found in colloidal solutions of magnetic particles and as m might be large 0cm is too. Here, we combine transient measurements of optical reflectivity and.
We will then describe the most common magneto optic effects, such as the faraday and the magneto optic kerr effect. Some practical applications of the faraday magnetooptic. The history of magnetooptical effects is first introduced. In the faraday effect, however, the direction of the optical rotation, as viewed when looking into the beam, is reversed when the light traverses the substance opposite to the magnetic field direction. The system has been designed to combine in situ moke and scanning tunneling microscopy. Revealing the anisotropic thermal conductivity of black. Giant magneto optical kerr effect and universal faraday effect in thinfilm topological insulators wangkong tse and a. It is used in materials science research in devices such as the kerr microscope, to investigate the magnetization structure of materials. Therefore it is taken by convention that the field lines emerge from north pole and merge at. High resolution in situ magnetooptic kerr effect and. The electric field applied to the crystal can alter or induce birefringence by changing the refractive index of the medium. A magnetic field, like any vector field, singles out a specific direction in space.
These devices operate by measuring changes in the optical performance of fibres in the presence of electric and magnetic fields. A magneto optic effect is any one of a number of phenomena in which an electromagnetic wave propagates through a medium that has been altered by the presence of a quasistatic magnetic field. In this presentation the principles of magnetooptical microscopy, mostly kerr microscopy and mag. The method is based on the magneto optical faraday or kerr effect, i. The optic axis of this induced optical activity is aligned with the axis of the applied magnetic field. Magnetooptic response of the metallic antiferromagnet fe 2 as to. The physical origin of the magnetooptical effects is phenomenologically discussed. Giant magnetooptical kerr effect and universal faraday.
In particular, a simple analytical model can be proposed for. Progress in magnetic domain observation by advanced magneto. Chapter iv other devices electro optic effect electro optic effect can be observed when light propagates through a crystal in the presence of an electric field. Pdf enhanced magnetooptical effects in magnetoplasmonic. Macdonald department of physics, university of texas, austin, texas 78712, usa received 28 february 2010. In such a medium, which is also called gyrotropic or gyromagnetic, left and rightrotating elliptical polarizations can propagate at different speeds, leading to a number of important phenomena. Finally the concept of magneto optic kerr effect is discussed and a setup utilizing the effect for magnetic probing is presented. Pdf the magnetooptic effects and electrooptic effects are the essential. In order to examine the magnet effect while the magnetooptic medium material is glucose. Peaks and valleys are observed in the magneto optical kerr and the optical.
Development of a kerr microscope for the study of magnetic. Chapter iv other devices electro optic effect electro. Thus, the principle of magnetic property in experimental determination can be extended according to a similar setup of surface magneto optical kerr effect technique in vacuum 20,21. Magnetooptical kerr effect in perpendicularly magnetized. We start our description of the magneto optic effect with a classic treatment for dielectric non magnetic materials 2. Then the types of magnetooptical effects are described, which include the varieties of the interactions of electromagnetic waves with magnetization or spins in solids. Magnetic effects of electric current 225 magnetic field is a quantity that has both direction and magnitude. Some practical applications of the faraday magneto optic effect, the kerr electro optic effect, and the pockels electro optic effect in the early decades of the 20th century. Magnetooptic effect synonyms, magnetooptic effect pronunciation, magnetooptic effect translation, english dictionary definition of magnetooptic effect.
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